“假發”英語怎么說，
1. a wig; a hair-piece; a switch; wiggery; a toupee
看下面一段外電報道，瞧瞧如何表達“假發”：
Britney Spears has become addicted to buying wigs, it has been reported.
The troubled star has allegedly traded her party addiction for shopping - spending more than $60,000 on wigs, vintage hats, clothes, lingerie, perfume and jewellery in less than a month.
報道說，布蘭妮如今把玩派對的癮轉到了購物上面。她現在整個兒一購物狂，其中狂購假發最為招人眼。
報道中的“wig”指的就是“假發”?！癢ig”（假發）是“periwig”的縮寫形式，17世紀進入英語詞匯。
有趣的是，短語“big wig”常用來喻指“大人物”。其原因是，17世紀人們很流行帶假發，那些大人物為了和老百姓區別開來，戴的假發往往比一般人的要大得多，因此他們的“假發”被稱為“big wigs”。隨著時間的流逝，bigwig/big wig就有了“a person of importance”的意思。
此外，如果在外文期刊中看到“toupee”，它指的也是“假發”，不過一般用來指“男性的假發”。
wig
例句與用法:
1. 法官開庭時戴假發。
Judges wear wigs in court.
2. 女演員的金發上戴著黑色的假發。
The actress wore a black wig over her blond hair.
3. 她喬裝打扮戴著金色假發和墨鏡.
She disguised herself with a blonde wig and dark glasses.
4. 她戴了一頂假發，但是我們很快就識穿了她的偽裝。
She have a wig on, but we soon penetrate her disguise.
假發，古漢語稱鬄、髢（拼音：dì，中古拼音：deh）、髲鬄（“髲”，拼音：bì，中古拼音：bieh），指非由人自然生長出來的人造仿真頭發，因應不同用途而佩戴?！绑灐笔羌侔l的總稱，“髲”則專指人發造的假發。
在亞洲，中國很早就出現假發，《詩經》中就多次提及。到了春秋時期（西元前770年—前476年），假發開始在中國盛行。日本傳統發型也經常加上假發梳成。朝鮮半島在高麗王朝（西元918年-1392年）開始盛行戴假髻。而非洲的古埃及人在四千多年前就開始用假發，也是世界上最早使用假發的民族，并將假發傳到歐洲。
假發出現在多種形式的表演藝術中，如中國的戲曲、日本的能劇和歌舞伎、以及西方的歌劇。在英國和大部份英聯邦國家，假發是大律師和法官的法庭服飾之一。
英國律師要摘假發！
Wigs off as Britain ends courtroom tradition
Britain's lawyers and judges are to break with centuries-old tradition and cease wearing white horse-hair wigs in non-criminal cases, the head of the country's judiciary announced on Thursday.
Britain's lawyers and judges are to break with centuries-old tradition and cease wearing white horse-hair wigs in non-criminal cases, the head of the country's judiciary announced on Thursday.
The Lord Chief Justice, Lord Phillips of Worth Matravers, said new dress rules would mean the wigs, which British legal professionals have worn since the 17th century, would not be needed in civil or family court cases.
Wing collars and bands -- white cotton strips worn round the neck -- can also be dispensed with in such cases according to the reforms, while judges will need just one gown in future instead of a variety of colorful outfits currently required.
The wigs will still be worn in criminal courts.
"At present High Court judges have no less than five different sets of working dress, depending on the jurisdiction in which they are sitting and the season of the year," Phillips said in a statement.
"After widespread consultation it has been decided to simplify this."
A review carried out in 2003 found that more than two thirds of respondents wanted to eliminate the wigs in civil cases, although most said criminal court judges should still wear them.
Opponents of wigs thought they were anachronistic, as well as uncomfortable and expensive.
A shoulder-length wig costs more than 1,500 pounds ($3,000) while the shorter ones worn by lawyers cost about 400 pounds each.
However, the idea of abolishing them has met with disapproval from some lawyers who feel the wigs give them an air of authority.
"While there will never be unanimity of view about court dress, the desirability of these changes has a broad measure of agreement," Phillips said.
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(Reuters)
英國司法界領袖上周四宣布，英國的律師和法官們將告別一個沿襲了幾個世紀的傳統，在出庭審理非刑事案件時不用再戴白色的馬鬃假發。
高等法院首席法官、沃斯麥特勒佛的菲利普斯勛爵說，這一新的著裝規定意味著從17世紀起司法界專業人士開始戴的假發在今后的民事或家庭糾紛案件中不需要再佩戴了。
根據新規定，翼形領和圍在脖子上的白色棉質飾帶在此類案件中也不需要戴了；此外，今后法官在審理案件時不用再穿現在那一套五顏六色的法官服了，而只需穿一件法官袍。
但在出庭審理刑事案件時，還需要佩戴假發。
菲利普斯在一份聲明中說：“現在，英國高等法院的法官至少有五套不同的工作服，他們根據不同的司法場合和季節著裝。”
“經過廣泛征詢意見后，我們決定對此進行簡化。”
2003年開展的一項調查發現，三分之二的受訪者希望廢除民事案件中佩戴假發的規定，同時大多數人稱法官在審理刑事案件時還是應該佩戴假發的。
反對佩戴假發者認為假發已過時、戴著不舒適而且價格昂貴。
一個齊肩的假發需要1500多英鎊，律師們佩戴的短假發則需大約400英鎊。
然而，廢除假發的規定遭到一些律師們的反對，他們覺得假發能讓他們看起來有一種權威感。
菲利普斯說：“對于法庭著裝，從來不會有一致的意見。目前的這些改革得到了廣泛支持?！?/P>
法官的假發是用來嚇人的
A centuries-old tradition of wearing a white horse-hair wig in court ended for many judges when a simpler new dress code came into force.
一項更為簡便的新著裝規范開始實行，對許多法官而言，延續數百年在法庭上戴白色馬尾假發的傳統就此結束。
While judges in criminal cases will still wear them, those in civil and family hearings will appear bare-headed in court, wearing a new-style plain black robe, the British government said.
英國政府稱，審理刑事案件的法官仍將戴假發，而那些民事案和家庭聽證案的法官將不戴假發出庭，只穿一種簡單的新式黑袍。
After a long debate, the Lord Chief Justice, Lord Philips, head of the judiciary in England and Wales, finally ordered the changes in an attempt to modernise the courts.
在長時間的辯論之后，英國高等法院王座庭庭長菲利普斯勛爵——英格蘭和威爾士的最高司法長官——最終下令做出這些改變，以使法庭現代化。
Wigs have been an emblem of the British legal system since the 17th century when the fashion for wearing them in wider society filtered through to the courts. For hundreds of years before the reign of Charles II, judges and lawyers were expected to come to court with short hair and a beard.
自17世紀以來，戴假發的社會風尚蔓延到法庭上之后，假發就成了英國司法體系的一個標志。在查理二世統治之前的數百年間，法官和律師都要留著短發和胡須出庭。
The decision to abandon wigs has dismayed traditionalists who argue that they give judges an air of authority and impartiality. The degree of anonymity that wigs provided could also protect them from angry members of the public. John Mortimer, the barrister and author of the "Rumpole of the Bailey" books, opposed the changes. "The idea's ridiculous! A barrister without his wig would be like a doctor without a stethoscope," he wrote in a newspaper article when the changes were first proposed.
拋棄假發的決定令傳統人士十分沮喪，他們堅稱假發使法官顯得權威而公正，而且掩蓋了法官外表上的個性特征，以免受某些憤怒群眾的騷擾?！胺ㄍド系聂敳枴毕盗袌D書的作者、律師約翰·莫蒂默反對這些改變。當這些改變首次被提出時，他在報紙上撰文寫道，“這主意簡直荒謬!不戴假發的律師就如同不戴聽診器的醫生?！?/P>
However, modernists argue that wigs are a hangover from the past that could intimidate people in court. In a newspaper interview, Lord Phillips described wigs as an anachronism that gave the public a false impression of judges.
然而，現代主義者認為假發是過去的遺留，是用來恫嚇出庭人的。在接受某報采訪時，菲利普斯勛爵說，假發是件不合時宜之物并導致公眾對法官形成錯誤的印象。
A Ministry of Justice survey last year found 70 percent of court workers wanted to keep wigs, compared to 42 percent of the public.
去年司法部的調查顯示，70%的法庭工作人員想保留假發，相比之下只有42%的公眾這么想。
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