| 英文寫作需要那些素材？
一 政治類
1 目的：產生，保持，擴大wealth, prosperity influence
2 道德與政治的異同:similarity: regulate or direct human behavior, 程度不同二者界限模糊，取決于社會矛盾，政治目標，道德可以政治化，政治可以道德化
二 教育類
1 教育的目的和作用：Transmitting democratic values; create equality of opportunity; preparing new generations of citizens in society.
2 教育之生活技能：Logical thinking; analysis; creative problem solving; synthesis; oral communication; writing communication; interpersonal; leadership
3 道德教育：Honesty; fairness; self-discipline; fidelity to task, friends and family; personal responsibility; love of a country; belief in the principles of liberty; equality and freedom to practice one’s faith
4 人文教育：an ability to synthesize and relate; to weigh cause and effect; to see events in perspective; how to read, write and think; speak intelligently; get along with others; conceptualize problems
5 填鴨教育：
三 科技類
1 帶來landfill: outdated devices, discarded chemicals, plastic packaging
2 帶來out of work: automation contribute to out of work; the development of computers and transistors and the accompanying trend toward miniaturization
3 壞處：automobile exhausts, pesticides such as DDT threaten the food chain, mineral wastes pollute reservoirs of groundwater
4 好處：telecomuniting: because of the side effect relatively inferior, improve productivity, develop quantity management, reduce labor resourcefulness
5 雙面性：as medicine both have side effect; however, people could not reject to receive them with more benefits
6 事例：國防軍備，基因治療疾病，機器人的工業用途，全球化；事業，個人隱私，倫理，社會不平等，文化落后，文化殖民，溫室效應，飲水質量數量，灌溉用水，工業用水，發電，漁業，化學泄漏，核泄漏導致死亡，疾病
四 競爭類
1 競爭的好處：in business: 電腦更先進，通訊更發達，價格更低；其他：挑戰人類極限，促進學習，使社會民主
2 合作的好處：例子如籃球，建筑，修路；壞處：失去競爭；過度：合作壟??政府operate以免失去competition
3 合作競爭：co-opetition, a combination of cooperation and competition, is the delicate balance of cooperation and competition.
五 社會問題
1 貧窮：由產于物產見得conflict，class discrimination and unequal opportunities, the social welfare system and affirmative action.
2 種族歧視：power and wealth 分不均造成的：個人自由，公民自由，權威的濫用；經濟機會，社會活動，文盲，失業，無家可歸，疾病。種族純優化，種族隔離，制度不平等
3 反社會問題：犯罪，暴力，drugs, criminal justice system, 家庭不穩定，家庭暴力，學業不好，媒體影響，離婚
4 性別歧視：工作地方，職業，工資，教育
5 醫療健康問題：器官移植，基因治療，安樂死化學潛在的危害、治病，消除饑餓
6 能源問題：污染—health risks, acid rain ,global warming, renewable
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