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許昌春秋樓
許昌春秋樓景區位于許昌中心，文廟前街中段，地理位置優越，交通極為便利，是一處明清風格的古建筑群，屬河南省重點文物保護單位，國家3A級旅游景區。
東漢建安五年，曹操東征，下邳之戰俘獲關羽及劉備甘、糜二位夫人，為保護皇嫂安全，關羽“土山三約”之后暫且歸附曹操，來到許昌。曹操寵才愛將，遂拜關羽為偏將軍，并賜府宅一處，讓關羽和二位皇嫂同住，關羽為避嫌，將一宅分為兩院，讓二位皇嫂住內院，自己住外院，院中有一樓，關羽在此秉燭達旦，夜讀《春秋》，春秋樓由此而得名。
現存春秋樓古建筑群，始建于元代至元年間，歷經元、明、清三代多次修葺，形成了“一宅分兩院”的基本格局，外院中軸線上依次有雉門、鐘鼓樓、春秋樓、刀印樓、關圣殿等，內院有問安亭、甘糜二后宮、掛印封金堂及附屬建筑；西與文廟毗鄰，總占地面積約30畝，是三國旅游線上的重要旅游景點。
景區內文化設施、文化內涵、文化特色建設情況 春秋樓景區是以三國文化為依托的一處人文景觀，文化內涵深厚，基礎設施完善。整個景區有三大特點：外院中軸線上的山門、春秋樓、關圣殿等主題建筑以一重、二重、三重檐建筑風格，獨具特色，尤其是景區內主體建筑關圣殿高達33.1米，內塑15米高的關公塑像堪稱全國之最；內院亭、臺、樓、閣錯落有致；西與文廟毗鄰，“文武二圣并祀更是全國罕見。此外，景區還保留了許多珍貴的碑刻，其中元代大書法家趙孟（兆頁）的《追封隴西郡伯李彬碑》乃為鎮館之寶。
景區自對外開放以來，旅游收入穩步增長，接待人數逐年增加。特別是被列為國家3A級景區以來，隨著景區的各項服務功能逐步完善 旅游接待能力明顯增強，2004年年接待游客達到10.5萬人次，2005年為12.6萬人次，2006年為14。8萬人次。如今，春秋樓景區已日益成為海內外游客旅游觀光，朝拜關公的旅游勝地。
據《三國志·蜀書》記載：“建安五年(200年)，曹公東征，先主奔袁紹，曹擒羽以歸，拜為偏將軍，禮之甚厚。”在此史實基礎上，《三國演義》作了不乏附會的詳盡描寫：為保護甘糜二皇嫂的安全，關羽在“土山三約”之后歸附曹操。曹操賜給關羽府宅一處，讓關羽與二皇嫂共住。關羽分一宅為兩院。皇嫂居內院，關羽只身在外。院中有樓，為關羽秉燭達旦夜讀春秋之處，即春秋樓也。
春秋樓古建筑群，始建于元代至元年間，后經多次修葺。1995年許昌市人民政府斥資1500萬元對春秋樓文物景區進行大規模修建，還新辟了春秋樓廣場。春秋樓現屬河南省人民政府公布的省級文物保護單位。
Xuchang Spring-Autumn Building scenery is located in the middle of the Wen Temple Front Street, the city center of Xuchang. It has not only a geographic advangtage, but convenient transportation as well. Spring-Autumn Building Scenery, which has been graded 3A of national tourist area, is an ancient building group with Ming-Qing style and it belongs to heritage protection authority of Henan province.
In the Jianan 5 of Dong Han Dynasty, Cao Cao fought in the east. He captured Guan Yu and Liu Bei’s two wives Gan and Mi during XIAPI campaign. In order to protect the two Royal sisters-in-law, Guan Yu surrendered to Cao Cao after “ Tu Shan Three Agreements”. Loving his capability very much, Cao Cao appointed Guan Yu as a general, who was given a yard for accommandation of Guan Yu and the two Royal sisters-in-law. To avoid gossips, Guan Yu devided the yard into two parts--inner yard and outer yard, inner part lived two ladies and Guan Yu lived outside. There was a building in the outer yard, where Guan Yu always stayed late by a candle at night to read < Spring and Autumn>. That is also the eponymy of Spring-Autumn Building.
The remaining Spring and Autumn buildings were built during the years of ZhiYuan in Yuan Dynasty which were continously repaired and renovated in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties and formed the style of “ One Yard Two parts”. At the axis of outer part of the yard, there are Zhi Gate, Clock-Drum Building, Spring- Autumn Building, Dao-Yin Building, Saint Guan Temple etc. In the inner part, there are Greeting Kiosk, Back Palace of Gan-Mi, Gua-Yin-Feng-Jin Hall and affilated buildings. In the west side, it is connected with Wen Temple. The total size is about 30 acres. It is main scenery in the Three Kingdoms tourist route.
Introductions of the cultural facilities, cultural connotations, and features of the cultures: Spring-Autumn scenery is an academic scenery at the background of Three Kingdoms’ cultures, which has deep culutural connotations, and with perfect infrastructures. It has three main features:the Sha Men, Spring-Autumn Building and Saint Guan Temple which are main buildings in the middle axis of the outer yard have unique constructive styles of one eave, two eaves and three evaes, especially, the Saint Guan Temple is at the height of 33.1 meters, inside it is Guan Yu’s 15-meter-high statue, which is also the highest one all over the country; in the inner yard, kiosks, stages, buildings and pavilions are in picturesque disorder, which face Wen Temple to the west. Mo Saints in a row are very rare in China. Besides, there are many sculptured tombstones remained.Among them, the most famous tombstone is the calligrapher Zhao Meng(Zhao Ye) in Yuan Dynasty called “ Zhui Feng Long Xi Jun Bo Libin, which is the greatest treasue of the yard.
Since the opening of the scenery to the public, the income of tourism has increased steadily and the tourists have been increasing steadily too. Specially after it has been listed as a 3A tourist attraction, and as all kinds of services are improved day by day, the capacity of reception of the tourists is boosting up. In 2004, 105000 tourists were received, and 126000 in 2005, and in 2006 the number went up to 148000. Nowadays, the Spring-Autumn Buding has become a tourist attraction place for sight seeing and worshiping Guan Yu for natives and foreigners.
As the record in the Three Kingdoms-Shu “in the Jian An 5(200 years), Cao Cao fought to the east. Liu bei went to Yuan Shao to seek shelter. During the fight, Cao Cao captured GuanYu. He not only appointed him as a general, but granted him a good treatment. Based on the history, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has made an detailed description: to protect the safety of Gan-Mi two sisters-in-law, Guan Yu surrendered to Cao Cao after “Tu Shan Agreements”. Cao Cao granted Guan Yu a Mansion House to accommandate Guan Yu and the two ladies. Guan Yu devided the House into two parts. The two royal sisters-in-law lived in the inner part and Guan Yu lived in the outer part. There is a building inside the yard, in which Guan Yu always stayed late by a candle at night to read “ Spring-Autumn”. So the building was named Spring- Autumn Building.
The Antient Spring-Autumn Building Groups were built in Zhi Yuan of Yuan Dynasty first and experienced repair and renovation for many times. The municipality of Xuchang spent 15 million for contruction of the scenery area of Spring-Autumn historical relic area, and made a Spring-Autumn Building square. Now Spring-Autumn Building belongs to provincial protected cultural unit which is announced by the government.許昌石巖外語翻譯 |